In a move signaling improving ties between Pakistan and Bangladesh, both countries have reached an understanding to allow visa-free entry for individuals holding diplomatic and official passports. The development has drawn the attention of Indian authorities, who are monitoring the situation closely amid concerns over shifting regional dynamics.
The agreement was finalized during a visit by Pakistan’s Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi to Dhaka, where he held talks with his Bangladeshi counterpart, Lt. Gen. (retd.) Jahangir Alam Chowdhury. The high-level meeting, marked by ceremonial honours and the presence of senior bureaucrats from both sides, underscored the significance of the diplomatic outreach.
While the new policy applies only to government officials and diplomats, it could potentially pave the way for broader people-to-people exchanges in the future. Both countries also agreed to deepen cooperation in internal security, focusing on areas such as counterterrorism, anti-narcotics operations, and human trafficking prevention. A joint working group led by Pakistan’s Interior Secretary has been tasked with implementing the agreed initiatives.
This warming of relations marks a notable shift in Bangladesh’s foreign policy under its interim leadership. Following the removal of Sheikh Hasina’s government in 2024, the administration under Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus has sought to diversify diplomatic ties, including with Islamabad.
Recent developments include:
Bangladesh waiving certain trade restrictions on Pakistani goods;
Direct cargo links restored between Karachi and Chittagong for the first time since 1971;
Increased frequency of bilateral visits and delegations.
India’s Strategic Concerns
The evolving relationship has raised concerns in New Delhi, where officials worry about the possibility of ISI (Pakistan’s intelligence agency) using softened visa policies to increase its footprint in the region, especially in Bangladesh—a country that shares deep strategic and security ties with India.
These concerns are heightened by the current India–Pakistan tensions, which escalated following a major terrorist incident in Kashmir earlier this year. In response, India curtailed diplomatic ties and suspended cooperation under regional frameworks like SAARC.
India’s Ministry of External Affairs has stated that it is closely observing the developments, particularly for any implications to national security and regional stability.
Key Highlights
Visa-free travel: Limited to diplomatic and official passport holders.
Strategic outreach: Pakistan and Bangladesh expanding ties beyond trade into internal security cooperation.
India’s stance: Cautious, due to potential misuse of relaxed rules and broader geopolitical implications.
The agreement reflects a shifting balance in South Asian diplomacy, with Pakistan gaining fresh traction in Dhaka. As Islamabad and Bangladesh open new channels of cooperation, India remains vigilant over what could signal a broader realignment in regional alliances.
Relations between Pakistan-Bangladesh
Bangladesh broke away from Pakistan following a devastating nine-month war that began in March 1971, triggered by West Pakistan’s political and economic discrimination against Bengali-majority East Pakistan. The massive civil liberation movement, led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and the Awami League, escalated into a brutal conflict following Operation Searchlight, with civilian casualties estimated between 300,000 and 3 million and widespread atrocities. India intervened in December 1971, supporting the Mukti Bahini guerrillas; Pakistani forces in the East surrendered on December 16, 1971—marking the birth of Bangladesh and the world’s largest military surrender in history. Despite formal Pakistani recognition coming in 1974, the legacy of the war—mass killings, rape, and displacement—continues to shape collective memory in both nations.
Despite recent diplomatic overtures, ties between Bangladesh and Pakistan remain deeply fragile. Bangladesh continues to demand a full apology, financial compensation, and the return of stranded Pakistani nationals for 1971 atrocities and assets division. Even as record diplomatic engagement resumes—such as high-level meetings, resumption of direct trade, military cooperation, and eased visa regimes—analysts warn unresolved grievances and divergent strategic priorities undermine lasting reconciliation. While the interim government in Dhaka has moved to reintegrate previously marginalized Islamist groups and consider military ties with Pakistan, the foundation of trust remains eroded by historic trauma and contrasting geopolitical alignments, especially amid Bangladesh’s cautious balancing between India, Pakistan, and China.