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Define and explain potential gradient
Potential gradient, also known as electric potential gradient or simply electric field, is a measure of the change in electric potential energy per unit of distance in an electric field. It is a vector quantity, with units of volts per meter (V/m).
In an electric field, charges experience a force that is proportional to their charge and the electric field. The electric field is defined as the force per unit charge, so the electric field can be thought of as a measure of the “force field” that surrounds charges. The potential gradient is the rate of change of the electric potential energy with respect to distance in the field.
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Define and explain potential gradient in simple term
In simpler terms, the potential gradient is a measure of how much the electric potential energy changes as you move through an electric field. If the potential gradient is large, then the potential energy changes rapidly over a short distance, indicating a strong electric field. If the potential gradient is small, then the potential energy changes slowly over a large distance, indicating a weak electric field.
It is a vector field, it means it has direction and magnitude, and it also determined by the charges distribution in space.